Human methylome studies SRP364929 Track Settings
 
human rDNA obesity [Blood]

Track collection: Human methylome studies

+  All tracks in this collection (424)

Maximum display mode:       Reset to defaults   
Select views (Help):
CpG reads ▾       PMD       AMR       HMR       CpG methylation ▾      
Select subtracks by views and experiment:
 All views CpG reads  PMD  AMR  HMR  CpG methylation 
experiment
SRX14524994 
SRX14524995 
SRX14524996 
SRX14524997 
SRX14524998 
SRX14524999 
SRX14525000 
SRX14525001 
SRX14525002 
SRX14525003 
SRX14525004 
SRX14525005 
SRX14525006 
SRX14525007 
SRX14525008 
SRX14525009 
SRX14525010 
SRX14525011 
SRX14525012 
SRX14525013 
SRX14525015 
SRX14525016 
SRX14525017 
SRX14525018 
SRX14525019 
SRX14525020 
SRX14525021 
SRX14525022 
SRX14525024 
SRX14525025 
SRX14525026 
SRX14525027 
SRX14525028 
SRX14525029 
SRX14525030 
SRX14525031 
SRX14525032 
SRX14525033 
SRX14525034 
SRX14525035 
SRX14525036 
SRX14525037 
SRX14525038 
SRX14525039 
SRX14525040 
SRX14525041 
SRX14525042 
SRX14525043 
SRX14525044 
SRX14525046 
SRX14525047 
SRX14525048 
SRX14525049 
SRX14525050 
SRX14525051 
SRX14525052 
SRX14525053 
SRX14525054 
SRX14525055 
SRX14525056 
SRX14525058 
SRX14525059 
SRX14525060 
SRX14525061 
SRX14525062 
experiment
 All views CpG reads  PMD  AMR  HMR  CpG methylation 
List subtracks: only selected/visible    all    ()
  experiment↓1 views↓2   Track Name↓3  
hide
 SRX14524994  HMR  Blood / SRX14524994 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14524994  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14524994 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14524995  HMR  Blood / SRX14524995 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14524995  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14524995 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14524996  HMR  Blood / SRX14524996 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14524996  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14524996 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14524997  HMR  Blood / SRX14524997 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14524997  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14524997 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14524998  HMR  Blood / SRX14524998 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14524998  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14524998 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14524999  HMR  Blood / SRX14524999 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14524999  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14524999 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525000  HMR  Blood / SRX14525000 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525000  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525000 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525001  HMR  Blood / SRX14525001 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525001  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525001 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525002  HMR  Blood / SRX14525002 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525002  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525002 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525003  HMR  Blood / SRX14525003 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525003  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525003 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525004  HMR  Blood / SRX14525004 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525004  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525004 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525005  HMR  Blood / SRX14525005 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525005  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525005 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525006  HMR  Blood / SRX14525006 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525006  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525006 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525007  HMR  Blood / SRX14525007 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525007  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525007 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525008  HMR  Blood / SRX14525008 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525008  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525008 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525009  HMR  Blood / SRX14525009 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525009  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525009 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525010  HMR  Blood / SRX14525010 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525010  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525010 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525011  HMR  Blood / SRX14525011 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525011  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525011 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525012  HMR  Blood / SRX14525012 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525012  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525012 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525013  HMR  Blood / SRX14525013 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525013  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525013 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525015  HMR  Blood / SRX14525015 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525015  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525015 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525016  HMR  Blood / SRX14525016 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525016  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525016 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525017  HMR  Blood / SRX14525017 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525017  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525017 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525018  HMR  Blood / SRX14525018 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525018  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525018 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525019  HMR  Blood / SRX14525019 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525019  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525019 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525020  HMR  Blood / SRX14525020 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525020  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525020 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525021  HMR  Blood / SRX14525021 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525021  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525021 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525022  HMR  Blood / SRX14525022 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525022  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525022 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525024  HMR  Blood / SRX14525024 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525024  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525024 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525025  HMR  Blood / SRX14525025 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525025  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525025 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525026  HMR  Blood / SRX14525026 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525026  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525026 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525027  HMR  Blood / SRX14525027 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525027  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525027 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525028  HMR  Blood / SRX14525028 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525028  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525028 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525029  HMR  Blood / SRX14525029 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525029  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525029 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525030  HMR  Blood / SRX14525030 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525030  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525030 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525031  HMR  Blood / SRX14525031 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525031  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525031 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525032  HMR  Blood / SRX14525032 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525032  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525032 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525033  HMR  Blood / SRX14525033 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525033  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525033 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525034  HMR  Blood / SRX14525034 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525034  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525034 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525035  HMR  Blood / SRX14525035 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525035  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525035 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525036  HMR  Blood / SRX14525036 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525036  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525036 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525037  HMR  Blood / SRX14525037 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525037  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525037 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525038  HMR  Blood / SRX14525038 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525038  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525038 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525039  HMR  Blood / SRX14525039 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525039  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525039 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525040  HMR  Blood / SRX14525040 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525040  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525040 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525041  HMR  Blood / SRX14525041 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525041  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525041 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525042  HMR  Blood / SRX14525042 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525042  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525042 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525043  HMR  Blood / SRX14525043 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525043  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525043 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525044  HMR  Blood / SRX14525044 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525044  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525044 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525046  HMR  Blood / SRX14525046 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525046  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525046 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525047  HMR  Blood / SRX14525047 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525047  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525047 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525048  HMR  Blood / SRX14525048 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525048  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525048 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525049  HMR  Blood / SRX14525049 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525049  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525049 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525050  HMR  Blood / SRX14525050 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525050  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525050 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525051  HMR  Blood / SRX14525051 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525051  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525051 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525052  HMR  Blood / SRX14525052 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525052  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525052 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525053  HMR  Blood / SRX14525053 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525053  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525053 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525054  HMR  Blood / SRX14525054 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525054  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525054 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525055  HMR  Blood / SRX14525055 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525055  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525055 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525056  HMR  Blood / SRX14525056 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525056  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525056 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525058  HMR  Blood / SRX14525058 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525058  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525058 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525059  HMR  Blood / SRX14525059 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525059  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525059 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525060  HMR  Blood / SRX14525060 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525060  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525060 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525061  HMR  Blood / SRX14525061 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525061  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525061 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
hide
 SRX14525062  HMR  Blood / SRX14525062 (HMR)   Data format 
hide
 Configure
 SRX14525062  CpG methylation  Blood / SRX14525062 (CpG methylation)   Data format 
    
Assembly: Human Dec. 2013 (GRCh38/hg38)

Study title: human rDNA obesity
SRA: SRP364929
GEO: not found
Pubmed: not found

Experiment Label Methylation Coverage HMRs HMR size AMRs AMR size PMDs PMD size Conversion Title
SRX14524994 Blood 0.818 6.2 44281 1302.6 55 1062.2 1648 20936.5 0.982 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14524995 Blood 0.800 6.2 42332 1255.8 154 1005.6 1273 24409.8 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14524996 Blood 0.813 6.1 40816 1282.2 135 915.2 1204 22032.5 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14524997 Blood 0.803 7.0 44895 1211.6 233 984.1 1463 20470.8 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14524998 Blood 0.820 10.8 50626 1111.7 378 889.8 3427 10336.5 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14524999 Blood 0.817 5.4 39732 1321.2 76 975.9 1163 26810.4 0.981 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525000 Blood 0.808 9.3 51368 1115.7 283 960.5 1948 17079.7 0.981 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525001 Blood 0.825 7.8 48051 1154.7 292 909.4 1995 17174.3 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525002 Blood 0.804 10.0 48046 1144.4 440 865.0 1809 17022.6 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525003 Blood 0.815 7.3 46796 1195.6 138 1062.6 1681 19561.4 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525004 Blood 0.813 5.4 37699 1360.1 59 953.3 1182 24301.6 0.982 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525005 Blood 0.798 11.6 50829 1066.0 1023 865.4 1817 18532.5 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525006 Blood 0.820 6.2 40184 1288.8 101 860.0 1571 17616.3 0.980 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525007 Blood 0.813 10.7 47079 1140.7 494 896.2 1771 19090.2 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525008 Blood 0.808 6.7 42953 1213.0 198 1058.7 1135 22184.2 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525009 Blood 0.819 10.2 47920 1131.1 449 875.0 3352 11076.5 0.986 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525010 Blood 0.820 6.4 43292 1225.9 164 914.8 1257 27341.1 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525011 Blood 0.827 12.6 54690 1090.4 397 919.3 3129 12530.1 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525012 Blood 0.806 10.5 47767 1151.0 454 877.6 3145 11608.3 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525013 Blood 0.817 6.8 46559 1201.7 110 1074.5 1756 18111.0 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525015 Blood 0.807 15.6 58569 1006.0 980 880.0 3411 10274.5 0.981 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525016 Blood 0.807 6.5 41512 1272.4 164 972.8 1173 25560.0 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525017 Blood 0.825 9.3 50421 1145.6 217 977.7 1908 17332.6 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525018 Blood 0.821 6.4 44333 1259.9 94 1103.3 1771 18861.2 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525019 Blood 0.815 5.8 40875 1304.7 90 1081.4 1217 26613.6 0.981 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525020 Blood 0.814 11.1 49797 1097.4 460 868.8 3445 10301.5 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525021 Blood 0.812 10.9 47878 1139.7 496 903.3 3498 9321.7 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525022 Blood 0.819 12.3 52179 1109.6 623 857.4 3583 12458.1 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525024 Blood 0.814 10.1 48291 1148.1 356 888.1 3317 9613.0 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525025 Blood 0.816 9.0 47037 1182.9 237 934.2 1728 19023.9 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525026 Blood 0.819 9.8 51066 1135.6 317 921.2 2008 19679.1 0.985 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525027 Blood 0.812 11.3 50176 1091.8 734 868.1 1654 18732.2 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525028 Blood 0.807 7.3 46567 1185.7 224 1035.7 1721 19853.9 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525029 Blood 0.815 14.8 56319 1049.2 936 863.5 3526 11253.2 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525030 Blood 0.821 10.4 52138 1140.0 204 999.6 3535 10312.0 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525031 Blood 0.814 8.9 48981 1176.2 207 1003.9 1903 21386.3 0.985 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525032 Blood 0.809 10.2 49878 1152.6 260 958.6 3080 10794.1 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525033 Blood 0.814 11.4 59352 1047.5 611 1023.7 3308 11662.8 0.985 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525034 Blood 0.812 16.9 63676 989.7 786 879.7 3419 12183.9 0.985 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525035 Blood 0.813 8.8 49117 1162.5 209 1019.2 1886 19972.5 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525036 Blood 0.823 5.7 40335 1326.0 52 945.1 1224 25813.2 0.982 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525037 Blood 0.824 6.4 44956 1239.6 118 937.0 1118 29218.2 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525038 Blood 0.807 10.5 52110 1084.8 517 909.9 1867 17700.3 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525039 Blood 0.804 8.1 47909 1124.6 460 897.4 1257 21788.0 0.982 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525040 Blood 0.818 6.8 43643 1221.3 179 985.6 1822 19852.7 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525041 Blood 0.822 5.7 39088 1307.3 87 960.8 1105 25593.5 0.979 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525042 Blood 0.814 7.6 44231 1231.1 170 943.6 1801 20566.2 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525043 Blood 0.805 9.6 46959 1143.8 449 903.1 1831 16242.3 0.982 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525044 Blood 0.823 9.6 49225 1140.7 248 944.7 2079 18573.6 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525046 Blood 0.818 3.5 35046 1445.1 24 1193.9 850 31193.7 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525047 Blood 0.812 6.8 41143 1268.9 128 1381.0 1411 19257.1 0.982 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525048 Blood 0.822 3.6 34832 1442.6 33 1178.8 1005 25638.2 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525049 Blood 0.805 5.8 38409 1336.6 101 965.3 1127 22110.8 0.982 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525050 Blood 0.818 9.5 46092 1157.3 463 885.8 1744 17769.8 0.985 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525051 Blood 0.804 5.4 38515 1353.0 90 977.8 1127 25119.6 0.980 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525052 Blood 0.813 5.7 43008 1299.0 94 1003.7 1320 27704.8 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525053 Blood 0.808 5.6 38735 1344.2 81 946.8 1194 25870.4 0.981 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525054 Blood 0.819 7.2 47703 1202.6 106 1056.8 1926 18037.1 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525055 Blood 0.814 9.6 48041 1156.9 270 885.4 1769 19950.7 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525056 Blood 0.816 14.1 58637 1049.6 405 913.8 3477 10958.9 0.983 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525058 Blood 0.812 11.6 53419 1123.6 343 924.7 3362 11429.2 0.975 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525059 Blood 0.811 6.0 38443 1330.1 87 963.4 1169 22084.9 0.982 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525060 Blood 0.809 5.8 41370 1316.0 77 1007.0 1091 30947.8 0.984 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525061 Blood 0.832 8.8 47570 1171.8 169 902.2 1823 17353.0 0.986 WGBS of human: blood
SRX14525062 Blood 0.823 10.7 49990 1101.4 537 879.7 1822 18756.7 0.985 WGBS of human: blood

Methods

All analysis was done using a bisulfite sequnecing data analysis pipeline DNMTools developed in the Smith lab at USC.

Mapping reads from bisulfite sequencing: Bisulfite treated reads are mapped to the genomes with the abismal program. Input reads are filtered by their quality, and adapter sequences in the 3' end of reads are trimmed. This is done with cutadapt. Uniquely mapped reads with mismatches/indels below given threshold are retained. For pair-end reads, if the two mates overlap, the overlapping part of the mate with lower quality is discarded. After mapping, we use the format command in dnmtools to merge mates for paired-end reads. We use the dnmtools uniq command to randomly select one from multiple reads mapped exactly to the same location. Without random oligos as UMIs, this is our best indication of PCR duplicates.

Estimating methylation levels: After reads are mapped and filtered, the dnmtools counts command is used to obtain read coverage and estimate methylation levels at individual cytosine sites. We count the number of methylated reads (those containing a C) and the number of unmethylated reads (those containing a T) at each nucleotide in a mapped read that corresponds to a cytosine in the reference genome. The methylation level of that cytosine is estimated as the ratio of methylated to total reads covering that cytosine. For cytosines in the symmetric CpG sequence context, reads from the both strands are collapsed to give a single estimate. Very rarely do the levels differ between strands (typically only if there has been a substitution, as in a somatic mutation), and this approach gives a better estimate.

Bisulfite conversion rate: The bisulfite conversion rate for an experiment is estimated with the dnmtools bsrate command, which computes the fraction of successfully converted nucleotides in reads (those read out as Ts) among all nucleotides in the reads mapped that map over cytosines in the reference genome. This is done either using a spike-in (e.g., lambda), the mitochondrial DNA, or the nuclear genome. In the latter case, only non-CpG sites are used. While this latter approach can be impacted by non-CpG cytosine methylation, in practice it never amounts to much.

Identifying hypomethylated regions (HMRs): In most mammalian cells, the majority of the genome has high methylation, and regions of low methylation are typically the interesting features. (This seems to be true for essentially all healthy differentiated cell types, but not cells of very early embryogenesis, various germ cells and precursors, and placental lineage cells.) These are valleys of low methylation are called hypomethylated regions (HMR) for historical reasons. To identify the HMRs, we use the dnmtools hmr command, which uses a statistical model that accounts for both the methylation level fluctations and the varying amounts of data available at each CpG site.

Partially methylated domains: Partially methylated domains are large genomic regions showing partial methylation observed in immortalized cell lines and cancerous cells. The pmd program is used to identify PMDs.

Allele-specific methylation: Allele-Specific methylated regions refers to regions where the parental allele is differentially methylated compared to the maternal allele. The program allelic is used to compute allele-specific methylation score can be computed for each CpG site by testing the linkage between methylation status of adjacent reads, and the program amrfinder is used to identify regions with allele-specific methylation.

For more detailed description of the methods of each step, please refer to the DNMTools documentation.