ID:VRK2_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Serine/threonine-protein kinase VRK2; EC=2.7.11.1; AltName: Full=Vaccinia-related kinase 2; FUNCTION: Serine/threonine kinase that regulates several signal transduction pathways. Isoform 1 modulates the stress response to hypoxia and cytokines, such as interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) and this is dependent on its interaction with MAPK8IP1, which assembles mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) complexes. Inhibition of signal transmission mediated by the assembly of MAPK8IP1-MAPK complexes reduces JNK phosphorylation and JUN-dependent transcription. Phosphorylates 'Thr-18' of p53/TP53, histone H3, and may also phosphorylate MAPK8IP1. Phosphorylates BANF1 and disrupts its ability to bind DNA and reduces its binding to LEM domain-containing proteins. Downregulates the transactivation of transcription induced by ERBB2, HRAS, BRAF, and MEK1. Blocks the phosphorylation of ERK in response to ERBB2 and HRAS. Can also phosphorylate the following substrates that are commonly used to establish in vitro kinase activity: casein, MBP and histone H2B, but it is not sure that this is physiologically relevant. FUNCTION: Isoform 2 phosphorylates 'Thr-18' of p53/TP53, as well as histone H3. Reduces p53/TP53 ubiquitination by MDM2, promotes p53/TP53 acetylation by EP300 and thereby increases p53/TP53 stability and activity. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. ENZYME REGULATION: RAN inhibits its autophosphorylation and its ability to phosphorylate histone H3. SUBUNIT: Isoform 1 interacts with MAP3K7, MAP2K7, MAP2K1 and KSR1. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 interact with RAN and MAPK8IP1. Isoform 1 interacts with Epstein-Barr virus BHRF1; this interaction is involved in protecting cells from apoptosis. INTERACTION: P03182:BHRF1 (xeno); NbExp=7; IntAct=EBI-1207615, EBI-1207659; Q8IVT5:KSR1; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-1207615, EBI-486984; Q61097:Ksr1 (xeno); NbExp=8; IntAct=EBI-1207633, EBI-1536336; Q02750:MAP2K1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-1207615, EBI-492564; Q62073:Map3k7 (xeno); NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-1207633, EBI-1775345; Q9WVI9-2:Mapk8ip1 (xeno); NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-1207636, EBI-288464; P62826:RAN; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-1207633, EBI-286642; Q8CF89:Tab1 (xeno); NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-1207633, EBI-1778503; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 1: Cytoplasm. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein (Potential). Mitochondrion membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein (Potential). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 2: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in various tumor cell lines. Expression of isoform 1 inversely correlates with ERBB2 in breast carcinomas (at protein level). Widely expressed. Highly expressed in fetal liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, heart, peripheral blood leukocytes and testis. PTM: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are autophosphorylated. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CK1 Ser/Thr protein kinase family. VRK subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 protein kinase domain. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=CAD54446.2; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Aberrant splicing;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q86Y07
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
