Human Gene RHOB (ENST00000272233.6_4) from GENCODE V47lift37
  Description: ras homolog family member B (from RefSeq NM_004040.4)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000272233.6_4
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000143878.10_7
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr2:20,646,835-20,649,201 Size: 2,367 Total Exon Count: 1 Strand: +
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr2:20,647,227-20,647,817 Size: 591 Coding Exon Count: 1 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
Gene AllelesRNA-Seq ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther SpeciesGO Annotations
mRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr2:20,646,835-20,649,201)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (196 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAGene interactionsTable SchemaAlphaFold
BioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGeneCardsHGNC
MalacardsMGIOMIMPubMedReactomeUniProtKB
WikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: RHOB_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB; AltName: Full=Rho cDNA clone 6; Short=h6; Flags: Precursor;
FUNCTION: Mediates apoptosis in neoplastically transformed cells after DNA damage. Not essential for development but affects cell adhesion and growth factor signaling in transformed cells. Plays a negative role in tumorigenesis as deletion causes tumor formation. Involved in intracellular protein trafficking of a number of proteins. Targets PKN1 to endosomes and is involved in trafficking of the EGF receptor from late endosomes to lysosomes. Also required for stability and nuclear trafficking of AKT1/AKT which promotes endothelial cell survival during vascular development. Serves as a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Required for genotoxic stress-induced cell death in breast cancer cells.
SUBUNIT: Binds ROCK1 and ROCK2. Also binds PKN1/PRK1. Interacts with ARGGEF3, RTKN and AKAP13.
INTERACTION: Q13829:TNFAIP1; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-602647, EBI-2505861;
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Late endosome membrane; Lipid-anchor. Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor. Nucleus. Cleavage furrow. Note=Late endosomal membrane (geranylgeranylated form). Plasma membrane (farnesylated form). Also detected at the nuclear margin and in the nucleus. Translocates to the equatorial region before furrow formation in a ECT2-dependent manner.
INDUCTION: Up-regulated by DNA damaging agents like H(2)O(2) or ionizing radiation (IR).
PTM: Prenylation specifies the subcellular location of RHOB. The farnesylated form is localized to the plasma membrane while the geranylgeranylated form is localized to the endosome.
MISCELLANEOUS: RHOB is one of the targets of farnesyltransferase inhibitors which are currently under investigation as cancer therapeutics. These elevate the levels of geranylgeranylated RHOB and cause mislocalization, leading to apoptosis and antineoplastic effects.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.
WEB RESOURCE: Name=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/RHOBID42108ch2p24.html";

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: RHOB
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: sertoli cell-only syndrome (7)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 1036.40 RPKM in Artery - Tibial
Total median expression: 12063.73 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -182.30392-0.465 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -468.901384-0.339 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR005225 - Small_GTP-bd_dom
IPR001806 - Small_GTPase
IPR003578 - Small_GTPase_Rho

Pfam Domains:
PF00025 - ADP-ribosylation factor family
PF00071 - Ras family
PF08477 - Ras of Complex, Roc, domain of DAPkinase

SCOP Domains:
51735 - NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-fold domains
52540 - P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
2FV8 - X-ray MuPIT


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P62745
FrontTopSide
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene DetailsGene Details    
Gene SorterGene Sorter    
 RGD    
      
      

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0000166 nucleotide binding
GO:0003924 GTPase activity
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0005525 GTP binding
GO:0019003 GDP binding

Biological Process:
GO:0000281 mitotic cytokinesis
GO:0001525 angiogenesis
GO:0006886 intracellular protein transport
GO:0006915 apoptotic process
GO:0007155 cell adhesion
GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007264 small GTPase mediated signal transduction
GO:0007266 Rho protein signal transduction
GO:0007275 multicellular organism development
GO:0008333 endosome to lysosome transport
GO:0010595 positive regulation of endothelial cell migration
GO:0015031 protein transport
GO:0030154 cell differentiation
GO:0030334 regulation of cell migration
GO:0030336 negative regulation of cell migration
GO:0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0045766 positive regulation of angiogenesis
GO:0045786 negative regulation of cell cycle
GO:0051056 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction
GO:0061154 endothelial tube morphogenesis
GO:0070301 cellular response to hydrogen peroxide
GO:0071479 cellular response to ionizing radiation

Cellular Component:
GO:0005622 intracellular
GO:0005634 nucleus
GO:0005768 endosome
GO:0005769 early endosome
GO:0005770 late endosome
GO:0005829 cytosol
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
GO:0005925 focal adhesion
GO:0010008 endosome membrane
GO:0016020 membrane
GO:0031902 late endosome membrane
GO:0032154 cleavage furrow
GO:0070062 extracellular exosome


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  LF209472 - JP 2014500723-A/16975: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
AK310813 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ17855.
AK312487 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ92847, Homo sapiens ras homolog gene family, member B (ARHB), mRNA.
LF209471 - JP 2014500723-A/16974: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
AK297495 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ52116 complete cds, highly similar to Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB precursor.
AK309991 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ17033.
BC066954 - Homo sapiens ras homolog gene family, member B, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:87422 IMAGE:5264057), complete cds.
AK124398 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ42407 fis, clone BGGI12000054, highly similar to Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB precursor.
LF213782 - JP 2014500723-A/21285: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
AB385057 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB5159, Homo sapiens RHOB gene for Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB precursor, complete cds, without stop codon, in Flexi system.
GQ129351 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone HAIB:100068477; DKFZo004C0734 ras homolog gene family, member B protein (RHOB) gene, partial cds.
EU832788 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone HAIB:100067817; DKFZo008C0733 ras homolog gene family, member B protein (RHOB) gene, encodes complete protein.
CR542272 - Homo sapiens full open reading frame cDNA clone RZPDo834E0626D for gene ARHB, ras homolog gene family, member B; complete cds, without stopcodon.
BT019546 - Homo sapiens ras homolog gene family, member B mRNA, complete cds.
BT019547 - Homo sapiens ras homolog gene family, member B mRNA, complete cds.
AF498971 - Homo sapiens small GTP binding protein RhoB (ARHB) mRNA, complete cds.
X06820 - H.sapiens rhoB gene mRNA.
M12174 - Human ras-related rho mRNA (clone 6), partial cds.
LF328782 - JP 2014500723-A/136285: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF328781 - JP 2014500723-A/136284: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
AF171089 - Homo sapiens MSTP081 (MST081) mRNA, complete cds.
JD019115 - Sequence 139 from Patent EP1572962.
JD030124 - Sequence 11148 from Patent EP1572962.
BC062781 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:4711003, partial cds.
LF328780 - JP 2014500723-A/136283: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA564359 - JP 2018138019-A/136285: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA564358 - JP 2018138019-A/136284: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA564357 - JP 2018138019-A/136283: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA445049 - JP 2018138019-A/16975: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA445048 - JP 2018138019-A/16974: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA449359 - JP 2018138019-A/21285: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P62745 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-5666070 RHOB:GTP recruits DIAPH1 or DIAPH3 to endosomes
R-HSA-5667037 RHPN2 binds RHOB:GTP
R-NUL-5667039 RHPN2 binds RHOB:GTP
R-HSA-195146 Dissociation of Rho GTP:GDP from GDI complex
R-HSA-442291 VAV2 is a GEF for Rho/Rac family kinases
R-HSA-5625901 CIT (citron kinase) binds activated RHOA, RHOB, RHOC and RAC1
R-HSA-8981443 CIT-3 binds activated RHOA, RHOB, RHOC and RAC1
R-HSA-194894 Rho GTPase:GTP activates downstream effectors
R-HSA-194922 GAPs inactivate Rho GTPase:GTP by hydrolysis
R-HSA-194913 GEFs activate Rho GTPase:GDP
R-HSA-194854 GDIs block activation of Rho GTPase:GDP
R-HSA-419049 ROCK activation by RHO
R-HSA-5666178 RTKN binds RHOA, RHOC or RHOB
R-HSA-416588 Activation of Rho by LARG and PDZ-RhoGEF
R-HSA-419166 GEFs activate RhoA,B,C
R-HSA-5623622 RHOA, RHOB, RHOC and RAC1 bind PKN1, PKN2 or PKN3
R-HSA-5623667 PDPK1 phosphorylates PKN1,2,3
R-HSA-5671970 Activated CIT binds KIF14 and PRC1
R-HSA-5671993 CIT-3 binds DLG4
R-HSA-5623632 RHOA,RHOB,RHOC,RAC1:GTP:PKN1,2,3 binds PDPK1:PIP3
R-HSA-5671919 Activated CIT phosphorylates MRLCs
R-HSA-419083 Myosin phosphatase inactivation by ROCK
R-HSA-419087 LIM kinase phosphorylation by ROCK
R-HSA-419197 Myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation by ROCK
R-HSA-5663220 RHO GTPases Activate Formins
R-HSA-5666185 RHO GTPases Activate Rhotekin and Rhophilins
R-HSA-194840 Rho GTPase cycle
R-HSA-114604 GPVI-mediated activation cascade
R-HSA-5625900 RHO GTPases activate CIT
R-HSA-416482 G alpha (12/13) signalling events
R-HSA-416572 Sema4D induced cell migration and growth-cone collapse
R-HSA-5627117 RHO GTPases Activate ROCKs
R-HSA-5625740 RHO GTPases activate PKNs
R-HSA-195258 RHO GTPase Effectors
R-HSA-194315 Signaling by Rho GTPases
R-HSA-76002 Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation
R-HSA-388396 GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-400685 Sema4D in semaphorin signaling
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction
R-HSA-109582 Hemostasis
R-HSA-372790 Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-373755 Semaphorin interactions
R-HSA-422475 Axon guidance
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: ARH6, ARHB, B2R692, ENST00000272233.1, ENST00000272233.2, ENST00000272233.3, ENST00000272233.4, ENST00000272233.5, NM_004040, P01121, P62745, Q5U0H6, Q7RTN5, Q7RTR9, Q9CUV7, RHOB_HUMAN, uc317iya.1, uc317iya.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000272233.6_4
RefSeq Accession: NM_004040.4
Protein: P62745 (aka RHOB_HUMAN)

-  Gene Model Information
  Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.