ID:2A5A_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform; AltName: Full=PP2A B subunit isoform B'-alpha; AltName: Full=PP2A B subunit isoform B56-alpha; AltName: Full=PP2A B subunit isoform PR61-alpha; Short=PR61alpha; AltName: Full=PP2A B subunit isoform R5-alpha; FUNCTION: The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment. SUBUNIT: PP2A consists of a common heterodimeric core enzyme, composed of a 36 kDa catalytic subunit (subunit C) and a 65 kDa constant regulatory subunit (PR65 or subunit A), that associates with a variety of regulatory subunits. Proteins that associate with the core dimer include three families of regulatory subunits B (the R2/B/PR55/B55, R3/B''/PR72/PR130/PR59 and R5/B'/B56 families), the 48 kDa variable regulatory subunit, viral proteins, and cell signaling molecules. Interacts with SGOL1. INTERACTION: O96017:CHEK2; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-641666, EBI-1180783; Q9BVP2:GNL3; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-641666, EBI-641642; P30154:PPP2R1B; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-641666, EBI-357094; Q5FBB7:SGOL1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-641666, EBI-989069; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Chromosome, centromere. Note=From mitotic prophase to metaphase, localizes at the inner centromere between a pair of sister kinetochores. Decreased expression at the onset of anaphase. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed with the highest expression in heart and skeletal muscle. PTM: Phosphorylated on serine residues. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B56 family.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
Pfam Domains: PF01603 - Protein phosphatase 2A regulatory B subunit (B56 family)
SCOP Domains: 48371 - ARM repeat 55724 - Mog1p/PsbP-like
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q15172
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0004721 phosphoprotein phosphatase activity GO:0005515 protein binding GO:0019888 protein phosphatase regulator activity GO:0019900 kinase binding
Biological Process: GO:0006470 protein dephosphorylation GO:0007165 signal transduction GO:0035307 positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation GO:0043666 regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity GO:0090219 negative regulation of lipid kinase activity GO:1903077 negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane
AK312530 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ92899, Homo sapiens protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B (B56), alpha isoform (PPP2R5A), mRNA. L42373 - Homo sapiens phosphatase 2A B56-alpha (PP2A) mRNA, complete cds. BC110883 - Homo sapiens protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B', alpha isoform, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:131915 IMAGE:6045358), complete cds. BC022474 - Homo sapiens protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B', alpha isoform, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:26270 IMAGE:4815091), complete cds. AB527512 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB5848, Homo sapiens PPP2R5A gene for protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B', alpha isoform, without stop codon, in Flexi system. DQ895568 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100010028; FLH185545.01L; RZPDo839C05147D protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B (B56), alpha isoform (PPP2R5A) gene, encodes complete protein. DQ892361 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100004991; FLH185549.01X; RZPDo839C05148D protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B (B56), alpha isoform (PPP2R5A) gene, encodes complete protein. JD478768 - Sequence 459792 from Patent EP1572962. JD199650 - Sequence 180674 from Patent EP1572962. JD516070 - Sequence 497094 from Patent EP1572962. JD406197 - Sequence 387221 from Patent EP1572962. JD073594 - Sequence 54618 from Patent EP1572962. JD054756 - Sequence 35780 from Patent EP1572962. AK302202 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ51383 complete cds, highly similar to Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform. JD510206 - Sequence 491230 from Patent EP1572962. JD285931 - Sequence 266955 from Patent EP1572962. JD519300 - Sequence 500324 from Patent EP1572962. JD545378 - Sequence 526402 from Patent EP1572962. JD293794 - Sequence 274818 from Patent EP1572962. JD412590 - Sequence 393614 from Patent EP1572962. JD363569 - Sequence 344593 from Patent EP1572962. JD453353 - Sequence 434377 from Patent EP1572962. JD146459 - Sequence 127483 from Patent EP1572962. JD519439 - Sequence 500463 from Patent EP1572962. JD150723 - Sequence 131747 from Patent EP1572962. JD504876 - Sequence 485900 from Patent EP1572962. JD537185 - Sequence 518209 from Patent EP1572962. JD059875 - Sequence 40899 from Patent EP1572962. JD200951 - Sequence 181975 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein Q15172 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-195251 Assembly of the destruction complex R-HSA-389532 PP2A binds CTLA4 homodimer R-HSA-432143 PECAM-1 binds PP2A R-HSA-8857925 Inhibition of PP2A activity by phosphorylation of the catalytic subunit at tyrosine Y307 R-HSA-201685 Beta-catenin is released from the destruction complex R-HSA-388833 Phosphorylation of CTLA-4 R-HSA-5229343 AXIN is phosphorylated in the destruction complex R-HSA-195280 Dissociation of beta-catenin from Axin and association of beta catenin with phospho-(20 aa) APC in the detruction complex R-HSA-195275 Phosphorylation of APC component of the destruction complex R-HSA-2130279 Association of beta-catenin with the RBX1:SCF(beta-TrCP1) ubiquitin ligase complex R-HSA-141409 Mad1 binds kinetochore R-HSA-375302 Kinetochore capture of astral microtubules R-HSA-5666129 CDC42:GTP recruits DIAPH2-2 to kinetochores R-HSA-5666169 Kinetochore capture of astral microtubules is positively regulated by CDC42:GTP:p-S196-DIAPH2-2 R-HSA-388809 CTLA-4 binds B7-1/B7-2 R-HSA-195304 Association of beta-catenin with the destruction complex R-HSA-390329 Dephosphorylation of AKT by PP2A R-HSA-5672957 PP2A dephosphorylates KSR1 R-HSA-5672961 PP2A dephosphorylates inactive RAFs R-HSA-5675431 PP2A dephosphorylates RAF1 R-HSA-2130286 Multi-ubiquitination of phospho-beta-catenin by RBX1:SCF(beta-TrCP1) R-HSA-141431 MAD2 associates with the Mad1 kinetochore complex R-HSA-141439 Release of activated MAD2 from kinetochores R-HSA-2467811 Separation of sister chromatids R-HSA-2467809 ESPL1 (Separase) cleaves centromeric cohesin R-HSA-5666160 AURKB phosphorylates DIAPH2-2 at kinetochores R-HSA-195287 Phosphorylation of phospho-(Ser45 ) at Thr 41 by GSK-3 R-HSA-195318 Phosphorylation of beta-catenin at Ser45 by CK1 alpha R-HSA-195300 Phosphorylation of phospho-(Ser45,Thr41,Ser37) at Ser33 by GSK-3 R-HSA-195283 Phosphorylation of phospho- (Ser45, Thr41) beta-catenin at Ser37 by GSK-3 R-HSA-141422 MAD2 converted to an inhibitory state via interaction with Mad1 R-HSA-1638821 PP2A-B56 dephosphorylates centromeric cohesin R-HSA-1638803 Phosphorylation of cohesin by PLK1 at centromeres R-HSA-2468287 CDK1 phosphorylates CDCA5 (Sororin) at centromeres R-HSA-195253 Degradation of beta-catenin by the destruction complex R-HSA-389513 CTLA4 inhibitory signaling R-HSA-432142 Platelet sensitization by LDL R-HSA-5467337 APC truncation mutants have impaired AXIN binding R-HSA-5467340 AXIN missense mutants destabilize the destruction complex R-HSA-5467348 Truncations of AMER1 destabilize the destruction complex R-HSA-6811558 PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling R-HSA-4641262 Disassembly of the destruction complex and recruitment of AXIN to the membrane R-HSA-141444 Amplification of signal from unattached kinetochores via a MAD2 inhibitory signal R-HSA-68877 Mitotic Prometaphase R-HSA-5663220 RHO GTPases Activate Formins R-HSA-195721 Signaling by WNT R-HSA-388841 Costimulation by the CD28 family R-HSA-418346 Platelet homeostasis R-HSA-4839744 truncated APC mutants destabilize the destruction complex R-HSA-4839735 AXIN mutants destabilize the destruction complex, activating WNT signaling R-HSA-4839748 AMER1 mutants destabilize the destruction complex R-HSA-199418 Negative regulation of the PI3K/AKT network R-HSA-201681 TCF dependent signaling in response to WNT R-HSA-5673000 RAF activation R-HSA-5675221 Negative regulation of MAPK pathway R-HSA-5358751 S45 mutants of beta-catenin aren't phosphorylated R-HSA-5358752 T41 mutants of beta-catenin aren't phosphorylated R-HSA-5358749 S37 mutants of beta-catenin aren't phosphorylated R-HSA-5358747 S33 mutants of beta-catenin aren't phosphorylated R-HSA-2500257 Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion R-HSA-2467813 Separation of Sister Chromatids R-HSA-141424 Amplification of signal from the kinetochores R-HSA-68886 M Phase R-HSA-195258 RHO GTPase Effectors R-HSA-196299 Beta-catenin phosphorylation cascade R-HSA-5339716 Misspliced GSK3beta mutants stabilize beta-catenin R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction R-HSA-1280218 Adaptive Immune System R-HSA-109582 Hemostasis R-HSA-4791275 Signaling by WNT in cancer R-HSA-1257604 PIP3 activates AKT signaling R-HSA-5673001 RAF/MAP kinase cascade R-HSA-4839743 phosphorylation site mutants of CTNNB1 are not targeted to the proteasome by the destruction complex R-HSA-68882 Mitotic Anaphase R-HSA-69618 Mitotic Spindle Checkpoint R-HSA-69278 Cell Cycle (Mitotic) R-HSA-194315 Signaling by Rho GTPases R-HSA-168256 Immune System R-HSA-5663202 Diseases of signal transduction R-HSA-9006925 Intracellular signaling by second messengers R-HSA-5684996 MAPK1/MAPK3 signaling R-HSA-2555396 Mitotic Metaphase and Anaphase R-HSA-69620 Cell Cycle Checkpoints R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle R-HSA-1643685 Disease R-HSA-5683057 MAPK family signaling cascades
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Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
