ID:PAPOA_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Poly(A) polymerase alpha; Short=PAP-alpha; EC=2.7.7.19; AltName: Full=Polynucleotide adenylyltransferase alpha; FUNCTION: Polymerase that creates the 3'-poly(A) tail of mRNA's. Also required for the endoribonucleolytic cleavage reaction at some polyadenylation sites. May acquire specificity through interaction with a cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) at its C-terminus. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). COFACTOR: Binds 2 magnesium ions. Also active with manganese (By similarity). SUBUNIT: Monomer. Found in a complex with CPSF1, FIP1L1 and PAPOLA. Interacts with FIP1L1 (By similarity). Interacts with NUDT21; the interaction is diminished by acetylation. Interacts with KPNB1; the interaction promotes PAP nuclear import and is inhibited by acetylation of PAP (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=The 90 kDa form is nuclear while the 100 kDa and the 106 kDa forms are both nuclear and cytoplasmic. PTM: Polysumoylated. Varying sumolyation depending on tissue- and cell-type. Highly sumoylated in bladder and NIH 3T3 cells. Sumoylation is required for nuclear localization and enhances PAP stability. Desumoylated by SENP1. Inhibits polymerase activity (By similarity). PTM: Hyperphosphorylation on multiple CDK2 consensus and non- consensus sites in the C-terminal Ser/Thr-rich region represses PAP activity in late M-phase. Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation may regulate the interaction between PAP and CPSF (By similarity). PTM: Acetylated in the C-terminus. Acetylation decreases interaction with NUDT21 and KPNB1, and inhibits nuclear localization through inhibiting binding to the importin alpha/beta complex (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the poly(A) polymerase family.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P51003
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project h_cpsfPathway - Polyadenylation of mRNA
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein P51003 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-72231 Cleavage and Polyadenylation R-HSA-77591 Binding of Cleavage factors and Poly(A)Polymerase to the CstF:CPSF:Pre-mRNA Complex R-HSA-72185 mRNA polyadenylation R-HSA-77593 Cleavage and polyadenylation of Intronless Pre-mRNA R-HSA-72130 Formation of an intermediate Spliceosomal C (Bact) complex R-HSA-72180 Cleavage of mRNA at the 3'-end R-HSA-77592 Cleavage of Intronless Pre-mRNA at 3'-end R-HSA-72143 Lariat Formation and 5'-Splice Site Cleavage R-HSA-72139 Formation of the active Spliceosomal C (B*) complex R-HSA-8849157 TREX complex binds spliced, capped mRNA:CBC:EJC cotranscriptionally R-HSA-156661 Formation of Exon Junction Complex R-HSA-72163 mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway R-HSA-77595 Processing of Intronless Pre-mRNAs R-HSA-72187 mRNA 3'-end processing R-HSA-109688 Cleavage of Growing Transcript in the Termination Region R-HSA-72172 mRNA Splicing R-HSA-75067 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA R-HSA-72203 Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA R-HSA-73856 RNA Polymerase II Transcription Termination R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA R-HSA-73857 RNA Polymerase II Transcription R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription)
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
