ID:NANOG_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Homeobox protein NANOG; AltName: Full=Homeobox transcription factor Nanog; Short=hNanog; FUNCTION: Transcription regulator involved in inner cell mass and embryonic stem (ES) cells proliferation and self-renewal. Imposes pluripotency on ES cells and prevents their differentiation towards extraembryonic endoderm and trophectoderm lineages. Blocks bone morphogenetic protein-induced mesoderm differentiation of ES cells by physically interacting with SMAD1 and interfering with the recruitment of coactivators to the active SMAD transcriptional complexes. Acts as a transcriptional activator or repressor. Binds optimally to the DNA consensus sequence 5'-TAAT[GT][GT]-3' or 5'- [CG][GA][CG]C[GC]ATTAN[GC]-3'. Able to autorepress its expression in differentiating (ES) cells: binds to its own promoter following interaction with ZNF281/ZFP281, leading to recruitment of the NuRD complex and subsequent repression of expression. When overexpressed, promotes cells to enter into S phase and proliferation. SUBUNIT: Interacts with SMAD1 and SALL4. Interacts with ZNF281/ZFP281 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in testicular carcinoma and derived germ cell tumors (at protein level). Expressed in fetal gonads, ovary and testis. Also expressed in ovary teratocarcinoma cell line and testicular embryonic carcinoma. Not expressed in many somatic organs and oocytes. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed in embryonic stem (ES) and carcinoma (EC) cells. Expressed in inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst and gonocytes between 14 and 19 weeks of gestation (at protein level). Not expressed in oocytes, unfertilized oocytes, 2- 16 cell embryos and early morula (at protein level). Expressed in embryonic stem cells (ES). Expression decreases with ES differentiation. MISCELLANEOUS: Exists an other tandem duplicated non-processed pseudogene (NANOGP1) and 10 other NANOG-related nucleotide sequences located on different chromosomes, all of which are processed pseudogenes lacking introns (NANOGP2 to NANOGP11); except NANOGP8 which is a retrogene. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Nanog homeobox family. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 homeobox DNA-binding domain. WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Nanog entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanog";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9H9S0
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0000977 RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0000981 RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0001228 transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific binding GO:0003677 DNA binding GO:0003700 transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0003714 transcription corepressor activity GO:0005515 protein binding GO:0043565 sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0044212 transcription regulatory region DNA binding
Biological Process: GO:0001714 endodermal cell fate specification GO:0006351 transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006355 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006366 transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0007275 multicellular organism development GO:0008283 cell proliferation GO:0010468 regulation of gene expression GO:0019221 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0019827 stem cell population maintenance GO:0030154 cell differentiation GO:0035019 somatic stem cell population maintenance GO:0045595 regulation of cell differentiation GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:1903507 negative regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription
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Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
