ID:SIN1_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1; Short=TORC2 subunit MAPKAP1; AltName: Full=Mitogen-activated protein kinase 2-associated protein 1; AltName: Full=Stress-activated map kinase-interacting protein 1; Short=SAPK-interacting protein 1; Short=mSIN1; FUNCTION: Subunit of mTORC2, which regulates cell growth and survival in response to hormonal signals. mTORC2 is activated by growth factors, but, in contrast to mTORC1, seems to be nutrient- insensitive. mTORC2 seems to function upstream of Rho GTPases to regulate the actin cytoskeleton, probably by activating one or more Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors. mTORC2 promotes the serum-induced formation of stress-fibers or F-actin. mTORC2 plays a critical role in AKT1 'Ser-473' phosphorylation, which may facilitate the phosphorylation of the activation loop of AKT1 on 'Thr-308' by PDK1 which is a prerequisite for full activation. mTORC2 regulates the phosphorylation of SGK1 at 'Ser-422'. mTORC2 also modulates the phosphorylation of PRKCA on 'Ser-657'. Within mTORC2, MAPKAP1 is required for complex formation and mTORC2 kinase activity. MAPKAP1 inhibits MAP3K2 by preventing its dimerization and autophosphorylation. Inhibits HRAS and KRAS signaling. Enhances osmotic stress-induced phosphorylation of ATF2 and ATF2-mediated transcription. SUBUNIT: Interacts with IFNAR2 (By similarity). All isoforms except isoform 4 can be incorporated into the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) which contains MTOR, MLST8, PRR5, RICTOR, MAPKAP1 and DEPTOR. Contrary to mTORC1, mTORC2 does not bind to and is not sensitive to FKBP12-rapamycin. Interacts with ATF2, MAP3K2 and MAPK8. Interacts with GTP-bound HRAS and KRAS. Interacts with SGK1 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Nucleus. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels in heart and skeletal muscle. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SIN1 family.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9BPZ7
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0021762 substantia nigra development GO:0030950 establishment or maintenance of actin cytoskeleton polarity GO:0031098 stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade GO:0032148 activation of protein kinase B activity GO:0038203 TORC2 signaling GO:0046580 negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction
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Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
