ID:MLL1_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase MLL; EC=2.1.1.43; AltName: Full=ALL-1; AltName: Full=CXXC-type zinc finger protein 7; AltName: Full=Lysine N-methyltransferase 2A; Short=KMT2A; AltName: Full=Trithorax-like protein; AltName: Full=Zinc finger protein HRX; Contains: RecName: Full=MLL cleavage product N320; AltName: Full=N-terminal cleavage product of 320 kDa; Short=p320; Contains: RecName: Full=MLL cleavage product C180; AltName: Full=C-terminal cleavage product of 180 kDa; Short=p180; FUNCTION: Histone methyltransferase that plays an essential role in early development and hematopoiesis. Catalytic subunit of the MLL1/MLL complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates both methylation of 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me) complex and acetylation of 'Lys-16' of histone H4 (H4K16ac). In the MLL1/MLL complex, it specifically mediates H3K4me, a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Has weak methyltransferase activity by itself, and requires other component of the MLL1/MLL complex to obtain full methyltransferase activity. Has no activity toward histone H3 phosphorylated on 'Thr-3', less activity toward H3 dimethylated on 'Arg-8' or 'Lys-9', while it has higher activity toward H3 acetylated on 'Lys-9'. Required for transcriptional activation of HOXA9. Promotes PPP1R15A-induced apoptosis. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + L-lysine-[histone] = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N(6)-methyl-L-lysine-[histone]. SUBUNIT: MLL cleavage product N320 heterodimerizes with MLL cleavage product C180 (via SET and FYRC domains). Component of some MLL1/MLL complex, at least composed of the core components MLL, ASH2L, HCFC1/HCF1, HCFC2, WDR5, DPY30 and RBBP5, as well as the facultative components C17orf49, CHD8, E2F6, HSP70, INO80C, KANSL1, LAS1L, MAX, MCRS1, MEN1, MGA, KAT8/MOF, PELP1, PHF20, PRP31, RING2, RUVB1/TIP49A, RUVB2/TIP49B, SENP3, TAF1, TAF4, TAF6, TAF7, TAF9 and TEX10. Interacts with WDR5; the interaction is direct. Interacts with KAT8/MOF; the interaction is direct. Interacts with SBF1 and PPP1R15A. INTERACTION: Self; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-591370, EBI-591370; Q6P1J9:CDC73; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-591370, EBI-930143; Q6PD62:CTR9; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-591370, EBI-1019583; P68431:HIST1H3D; NbExp=10; IntAct=EBI-591370, EBI-79722; Q92794:KAT6A; NbExp=10; IntAct=EBI-2638616, EBI-948013; Q9H7Z6:KAT8; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-591370, EBI-896414; Q8N7H5:PAF1; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-591370, EBI-2607770; Q9UNP9:PPIE; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-591370, EBI-591818; Q15291:RBBP5; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-591370, EBI-592823; P61964:WDR5; NbExp=11; IntAct=EBI-591370, EBI-540834; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: MLL cleavage product N320: Nucleus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: MLL cleavage product C180: Nucleus. Note=Localizes to a diffuse nuclear pattern when not associated with MLL cleavage product N320. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Heart, lung, brain and T- and B-lymphocytes. DOMAIN: the 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors. DOMAIN: The SET domain structure is atypical and is not in an optimal position to have methyltransferase activity. It requires other components of the MLL1/MLL complex, such as ASH2L or RBBP5, to order the active site and obtain optimal histone methyltransferase activity. DOMAIN: The CXXC-type zinc finger binds bind to nonmethyl-CpG dinucleotides. PTM: Proteolytic cleavage by TASP1 generates MLL cleavage product N320 and MLL cleavage product C180, which reassemble through a non-covalent association. 2 cleavage sites exist, cleavage site 1 (CS1) and cleavage site 2 (CS2), to generate MLL cleavage products N320 and C180. CS2 is the major site. DISEASE: Note=Chromosomal aberrations involving MLL are a cause of acute leukemias. Translocation t(1;11)(q21;q23) with MLLT11/AF1Q; translocation t(3;11)(p21;q23) with NCKIPSD/AF3p21; translocation t(3,11)(q25,q23) with GMPS; translocation t(4;11)(q21;q23) with AFF1/MLLT2/AF4; insertion ins(5;11)(q31;q13q23) with AFF4/AF5Q31; translocation t(5;11)(q12;q23) with AF5-alpha/CENPK; translocation t(6;11)(q27;q23) with MLLT4/AF6; translocation t(9;11)(p22;q23) with MLLT3/AF9; translocation t(10;11)(p11.2;q23) with ABI1; translocation t(10;11)(p12;q23) with MLLT10/AF10; t(11;15)(q23;q14) with CASC5 and ZFYVE19; translocation t(11;17)(q23;q21) with MLLT6/AF17; translocation t(11;19)(q23;p13.3) with ELL; translocation t(11;19)(q23;p13.3) with MLLT1/ENL; translocation t(11;19)(q23;p23) with GAS7; translocation t(X;11)(q13;q23) with FOXO4/AFX1. Translocation t(3;11)(q28;q23) with LPP. Translocation t(10;11)(q22;q23) with TET1. Translocation t(9;11)(q34;q23) with DAB2IP. Translocation t(4;11)(p12;q23) with FRYL. Fusion proteins MLL-MLLT1, MLL-MLLT3 and MLL-ELL interact with PPP1R15A and, on the contrary to unfused MLL, inhibit PPP1R15A-induced apoptosis. DISEASE: Note=A chromosomal aberration involving MLL may be a cause of chronic neutrophilic leukemia. Translocation t(4;11)(q21;q23) with SEPT11. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone-lysine methyltransferase family. TRX/MLL subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 3 A.T hook DNA-binding domains. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 bromo domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 CXXC-type zinc finger. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 FYR C-terminal domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 FYR N-terminal domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 3 PHD-type zinc fingers. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 post-SET domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 SET domain. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAA58669.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=317, 380; Sequence=AAG26332.2; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence; Sequence=BAD92745.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=1098; WEB RESOURCE: Name=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/MLL.html"; WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/mll/";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q03164
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
AF272378 - Homo sapiens clone 1370-57 MLL protein mRNA, partial cds. D14540 - Homo sapiens mRNA for MLL, partial cds. L04284 - Human germline HRX mRNA, complete cds. L04731 - Homo sapiens translocation T(4:11) of ALL-1 gene to chromosome 4. AB209508 - Homo sapiens mRNA for myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia (trithorax homolog, Drosophila) variant protein. S78570 - MLL=trx zinc-finger domain homolog {alternatively spliced, clone 14p-18B} [human, mRNA Partial, 1098 nt]. AF232000 - Homo sapiens MLL protein (MLL) mRNA, partial cds. AF272380 - Homo sapiens clone 1370-23 MLL protein mRNA, partial cds. AF272371 - Homo sapiens clone 1373-39 MLL protein mRNA, partial cds. AF232001 - Homo sapiens MLL protein (MLL) mRNA, partial cds. AF272381 - Homo sapiens clone 1370-7 MLL protein mRNA, partial cds. L01986 - Human trithorax-like protein (TRX1) mRNA, partial cds. JN169752 - Homo sapiens MLL/AF4 fusion protein (MLL/AF4 fusion) mRNA, partial cds. KT444631 - Homo sapiens AFF1/KMT2A fusion variant 1, mRNA, breakpoint junction region, partial sequence. MH128093 - Homo sapiens KMT2A-USP10 fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. S66432 - MLL {translocation} [human, mRNA PartialMutant, 360 nt]. L22179 - Human MLL-AF4 der(11) fusion protein mRNA, complete cds. AF024540 - Homo sapiens rearranged MLL protein mRNA, partial cds. AY187942 - Homo sapiens transcription factor MLL UPN96240 mRNA, partial cds; alternatively spliced. AY187943 - Homo sapiens transcription factor MLL UPN96240 mRNA, partial cds; alternatively spliced. AY187945 - Homo sapiens transcription factor MLL UPN95022 mRNA, partial cds; alternatively spliced. AF272382 - Homo sapiens clone 1370-39 MLL protein mRNA, partial cds. FM165198 - Homo sapiens partial mRNA for TET1-MLL fusion transcript in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, patient 4765. AF422798 - Homo sapiens MLL/LAF4 fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. AY187921 - Homo sapiens MLL/ENL fusion mRNA, partial sequence. S67825 - Homo sapiens ALL1-AF4 fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. FM165195 - Homo sapiens partial mRNA for MLL-ACTN4 fusion transcript in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, patient 3279. KT444629 - Homo sapiens KMT2A/AFF1 fusion variant 2, mRNA, breakpoint junction region, partial sequence. AF272377 - Homo sapiens clone 1370-48 MLL protein mRNA, partial cds. AF272372 - Homo sapiens clone 1373-24 aberrant MLL protein transcript, partial sequence. AF231996 - Homo sapiens MLL/GAS7 fusion protein (MLL/GAS7) mRNA, partial cds. AF272375 - Homo sapiens clone 1370-44 MLL/AF-10 fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. AF297746 - Homo sapiens clone 1426-11 MLL/GMPS fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. AF272373 - Homo sapiens clone 1373-13 aberrant MLL/ELL fusion protein transcript, partial sequence. AF272379 - Homo sapiens clone 1370-10 aberrant MLL protein transcript, partial sequence. AF272370 - Homo sapiens clone 1373-28 MLL protein mRNA, partial cds. AF231998 - Homo sapiens MLL/GAS7 fusion protein (MLL/GAS7) mRNA, partial cds. AF231999 - Homo sapiens MLL/GAS7 fusion protein (MLL/GAS7) mRNA, partial cds. GU353067 - Homo sapiens MLL/BTBD18 fusion protein isoform 1 (MLL/BTBD18 fusion) mRNA, partial cds, alternatively spliced. JF938535 - Homo sapiens MLL/LOC100131626 fusion gene isoform 1, mRNA sequence. JF938536 - Homo sapiens MLL/LOC100131626 fusion gene isoform 2, mRNA sequence. FM165199 - Homo sapiens partial mRNA for MLL-TET1 fusion transcript in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, patient 4765. MH746808 - Homo sapiens KMT2A/AFF1 fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. DQ451148 - Homo sapiens MLL-AF4 fusion protein (MLL/AF4 fusion) mRNA, partial cds. AF272374 - Homo sapiens clone 1523 MLL/ELL fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. AY187944 - Homo sapiens transcription factor MLL UPN95022 mRNA, partial cds; alternatively spliced. AF231995 - Homo sapiens MLL/GAS7 fusion protein (MLL/GAS7) mRNA, partial cds. AY187920 - Homo sapiens MLL/p300 fusion mRNA, partial sequence. KJ754384 - Homo sapiens MLL/FLNA fusion protein (MLL/FLNA fusion) mRNA, partial cds. AF272383 - Homo sapiens clone 1568-1 MLL/AF-10 fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. AF297748 - Homo sapiens MLL/GMPS fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. AF061154 - Homo sapiens MLL/hCDCrel fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. DQ387206 - Homo sapiens chromosome der(11) MLL/AF6 fusion protein (MLL/AF6 fusion) mRNA, partial cds. AF272384 - Homo sapiens clone 1568-2 MLL/AF-10 fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. AF297749 - Homo sapiens MLL/GMPS fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. FM165196 - Homo sapiens partial mRNA for MLL-TET1 fusion transcript in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, patient 3811. FM165194 - Homo sapiens partial mRNA for ACTN4-MLL fusion transcript in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, patient 3279. S78571 - MLL {14p-18A} [human, mRNA Partial, 114 nt]. MH319861 - Homo sapiens isolate 24 KMT2A-NEBL breakpoint junction mRNA sequence. MH319862 - Homo sapiens isolate 24 NEBL-KMT2A breakpoint junction mRNA sequence. MN238629 - Homo sapiens isolate 25037 KMT2A/GAS7 fusion protein (KMT2A/GAS7 fusion) mRNA, partial cds. MN238630 - Homo sapiens isolate 29804 KMT2A/BTK fusion protein (KMT2A/BTK fusion) mRNA, partial cds. MN238624 - Homo sapiens isolate 4295 KMT2A/ARHGAP26 fusion protein (KMT2A/ARHGAP26 fusion) mRNA, partial cds. DQ437655 - Homo sapiens isolate t-137 chromosome der(19) ELL/MLL breakpoint junction mRNA, partial sequence. DQ299936 - Homo sapiens clone 3300-1 FRYL/MLL breakpoint junction mRNA sequence. AF487906 - Homo sapiens AF4/MLL fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. AF373587 - Homo sapiens translocation breakpoint MLLT1/MLL fusion mRNA, partial sequence. AF492830 - Homo sapiens CDK6/MLL fusion protein mRNA, partial cds. AK303179 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ56868 partial cds, highly similar to Zinc finger protein HRX. AK295635 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ56846 complete cds, highly similar to Zinc finger protein HRX. BC015388 - Homo sapiens, clone IMAGE:4401491, mRNA. BC065385 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:6194897, partial cds. BC039603 - Homo sapiens, clone IMAGE:6062880, mRNA.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein Q03164 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-8865482 KMT2A (MLL) binds RUNX1 R-HSA-8865491 RUNX1:CBFB:KMT2A binds SPI1 (PU.1) gene R-NUL-8865513 RUNX1 recruits KMT2A to the Spi1 gene R-HSA-8865498 KMT2A trimethylates nucleosomes at the SPI1 gene locus producing H3K4Me3 mark R-NUL-8865525 KTM2A trimethylates nucleosomes at the Spi1 gene locus producing H3K4Me3 mark R-HSA-8935740 RUNX1 and GATA1 bind the promoter of the ITGA2B gene R-HSA-8936616 RUNX1 and GATA1 bind the promoter of the GP1BA gene R-HSA-8936979 RUNX1 and GATA1 bind the promoter of the THBS1 gene R-HSA-8937037 RUNX1 and GATA1 bind the promoter of the MIR27A gene R-HSA-8936481 Core MLL complex methylates H3K4Me2-Nucleosome at the ITGA2B gene promoter R-HSA-8936621 Core MLL complex methylates H3K4Me2-Nucleosome at the GP1BA gene promoter R-HSA-8937016 Core MLL complex methylates H3K4Me2-Nucleosome at the THBS1 gene promoter R-HSA-8937050 Core MLL complex methylates H3K4Me2-Nucleosome at the MIR27A gene promoter R-HSA-5159245 SETD3, SETD7 (KMT7), WHSC1L1 (KMT3F), Core MLL complex methylate lysine-5 of histone H3 (H3K4) R-HSA-5244692 Core MLL complex, SMYD3, PRDM9 methylate dimethyl-lysine-5 of histone H3 (H3K4) R-HSA-5637686 WHSC1L1 (KMT3F), Core MLL complex, SMYD3 (KMT3E) methylate methyl-lysine-5 of histone H3 (H3K4) R-HSA-8939236 RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of HSCs R-HSA-8878171 Transcriptional regulation by RUNX1 R-HSA-8936459 RUNX1 regulates genes involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet function R-HSA-212436 Generic Transcription Pathway R-HSA-73857 RNA Polymerase II Transcription R-HSA-3214841 PKMTs methylate histone lysines R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) R-HSA-3247509 Chromatin modifying enzymes R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization