Human Gene GSTA4 (ENST00000370963.9_8) from GENCODE V47lift37
  Description: glutathione S-transferase alpha 4 (from RefSeq NM_001512.4)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000370963.9_8
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000170899.11_10
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr6:52,842,751-52,860,082 Size: 17,332 Total Exon Count: 7 Strand: -
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr6:52,843,268-52,859,041 Size: 15,774 Coding Exon Count: 6 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
Gene AllelesRNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther Species
GO AnnotationsmRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr6:52,842,751-52,860,082)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (222 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAGene interactionsTable SchemaAlphaFold
BioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGeneCardsHGNC
MalacardsMGIOMIMPubMedReactomeUniProtKB
WikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: GSTA4_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Glutathione S-transferase A4; EC=2.5.1.18; AltName: Full=GST class-alpha member 4; AltName: Full=Glutathione S-transferase A4-4;
FUNCTION: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. This isozyme has a high catalytic efficiency with 4-hydroxyalkenals such as 4- hydroxynonenal (4-HNE).
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: RX + glutathione = HX + R-S-glutathione.
SUBUNIT: Homodimer.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed at a high level in brain, placenta, and skeletal muscle and much lower in lung and liver.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Alpha family.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 GST C-terminal domain.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 GST N-terminal domain.
WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/gsta4/";

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: GSTA4
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: atherosclerosis (7)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 157.37 RPKM in Adrenal Gland
Total median expression: 994.29 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -14.7054-0.272 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -126.40517-0.244 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR010987 - Glutathione-S-Trfase_C-like
IPR004045 - Glutathione_S-Trfase_N
IPR017933 - Glutathione_S_Trfase/Cl_chnl_C
IPR003080 - GST_alpha
IPR004046 - GST_C
IPR012336 - Thioredoxin-like_fold

Pfam Domains:
PF00043 - Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain
PF02798 - Glutathione S-transferase, N-terminal domain
PF14497 - Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain

SCOP Domains:
47616 - GST C-terminal domain-like
52833 - Thioredoxin-like
143737 - YeeU-like

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
1GUL - X-ray MuPIT 1GUM - X-ray MuPIT 3IK7 - X-ray MuPIT


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on O15217
FrontTopSide
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
      
      
      
      
      

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0004364 glutathione transferase activity
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0016740 transferase activity
GO:0042802 identical protein binding
GO:0042803 protein homodimerization activity

Biological Process:
GO:0006749 glutathione metabolic process
GO:0006805 xenobiotic metabolic process
GO:0008152 metabolic process
GO:1901687 glutathione derivative biosynthetic process

Cellular Component:
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  CR749474 - Homo sapiens mRNA; cDNA DKFZp686D21185 (from clone DKFZp686D21185).
BC015523 - Homo sapiens glutathione S-transferase alpha 4, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:9318 IMAGE:3915425), complete cds.
AF020918 - Homo sapiens glutathione transferase (GSTA4) mRNA, complete cds.
AF025887 - Homo sapiens glutathione S-transferase A4-4 (GSTA4) mRNA, complete cds.
BC096817 - Homo sapiens glutathione S-transferase A4, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:5276991), with apparent retained intron.
BC063439 - Homo sapiens glutathione S-transferase alpha 4, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:74554 IMAGE:5248427), complete cds.
AK054804 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ30242 fis, clone BRACE2002142, highly similar to GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE A4-4 (EC 2.5.1.18).
JD490752 - Sequence 471776 from Patent EP1572962.
JD518749 - Sequence 499773 from Patent EP1572962.
JD429701 - Sequence 410725 from Patent EP1572962.
JD421200 - Sequence 402224 from Patent EP1572962.
JD396611 - Sequence 377635 from Patent EP1572962.
AF125271 - Homo sapiens tissue-type pancreas glutathione S-transferase GSTA4-4 (GSTA4) mRNA, complete cds.
AF125272 - Homo sapiens tissue-type heart hGSTA4-4 (GSTA4) mRNA, complete cds.
AF125273 - Homo sapiens tissue-type skeletal muscle glutathione S-transferase GSTA4-4 (GSTA4) mRNA, complete cds.
Y13047 - Homo sapiens mRNA for glutathione transferase A4-4.
AK315369 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ96415, Homo sapiens glutathione S-transferase A4 (GSTA4), mRNA.
KJ901472 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_10866 GSTA4 gene, encodes complete protein.
CU677337 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100018048 5' read GSTA4 mRNA.
DQ890661 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100003291; FLH164875.01X; RZPDo839D02158D glutathione S-transferase A4 (GSTA4) gene, encodes complete protein.
KJ896937 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_06331 GSTA4 gene, encodes complete protein.
DQ893841 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100008301; FLH164871.01L; RZPDo839D02157D glutathione S-transferase A4 (GSTA4) gene, encodes complete protein.
CU687722 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100021507 5' read GSTA4 mRNA.
AK074541 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ90060 fis, clone HEMBA1003294.
BC071631 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:5240194, partial cds.
JD496541 - Sequence 477565 from Patent EP1572962.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  BioCyc Knowledge Library
PWY-4061 - glutathione-mediated detoxification I
PWY-7112 - 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal detoxification

Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein O15217 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-176054 GST dimers conjugate GSH with cytosolic substrates
R-HSA-156590 Glutathione conjugation
R-HSA-156580 Phase II - Conjugation of compounds
R-HSA-211859 Biological oxidations
R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: B2RD15, ENST00000370963.1, ENST00000370963.2, ENST00000370963.3, ENST00000370963.4, ENST00000370963.5, ENST00000370963.6, ENST00000370963.7, ENST00000370963.8, GSTA4_HUMAN, NM_001512, O15217, Q5T7Q8, Q6P4G1, Q9BX18, Q9H414, uc318iui.1, uc318iui.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000370963.9_8
RefSeq Accession: NM_001512.4
Protein: O15217 (aka GSTA4_HUMAN)

-  Gene Model Information
  Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.