ID:PDGFC_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Platelet-derived growth factor C; Short=PDGF-C; AltName: Full=Fallotein; AltName: Full=Spinal cord-derived growth factor; Short=SCDGF; AltName: Full=VEGF-E; Contains: RecName: Full=Platelet-derived growth factor C, latent form; Short=PDGFC latent form; Contains: RecName: Full=Platelet-derived growth factor C, receptor-binding form; Short=PDGFC receptor-binding form; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Growth factor that plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell migration, survival and chemotaxis. Potent mitogen and chemoattractant for cells of mesenchymal origin. Required for normal skeleton formation during embryonic development, especially for normal development of the craniofacial skeleton and for normal development of the palate. Required for normal skin morphogenesis during embryonic development. Plays an important role in wound healing, where it appears to be involved in three stages: inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. Plays an important role in angiogenesis and blood vessel development. Involved in fibrotic processes, in which transformation of interstitial fibroblasts into myofibroblasts plus collagen deposition occurs. The CUB domain has mitogenic activity in coronary artery smooth muscle cells, suggesting a role beyond the maintenance of the latency of the PDGF domain. In the nucleus, PDGFC seems to have additional function. SUBUNIT: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with PDGFRA homodimers, and with heterodimers formed by PDGFRA and PDGFRB. Interacts (via CUB domain) with PLAT (via kringle domain). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Secreted. Nucleus. Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Sumoylated form is predominant in the nucleus. Stored in alpha granules in platelets. Membrane associated when bound to receptors. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in the fallopian tube, vascular smooth muscle cells in kidney, breast and colon and in visceral smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract. Highly expressed in retinal pigment epithelia. Expressed in medulloblastoma. In the kidney, constitutively expressed in parietal epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule, tubular epithelial cells and in arterial endothelial cells (at protein level). Highly expressed in the platelets, prostate, testis and uterus. Higher expression is observed in uterine leiomyomata. Weaker expression in the spleen, thymus, heart, pancreas, liver, ovary cells and small intestine, and negligible expression in the colon and peripheral blood leukocytes. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: In the fetal kidney, detected in the developing mesangium, ureteric bud epithelium and the undifferentiated mesenchyme (at protein level). INDUCTION: Up-regulated by EWS-FLI1 chimeric transcription factor in tumor derived cells. Up-regulated in podocytes and interstitial cells after injury/activation of these cells. FGF2 activates PDGFC transcription via EGR1. Up-regulated by TGFB1 in concert with FGF2. PTM: Proteolytic removal of the N-terminal CUB domain releasing the core domain is necessary for unmasking the receptor-binding epitopes of the core domain. Cleavage after basic residues in the hinge region (region connecting the CUB and growth factor domains) gives rise to the receptor-binding form. Cleaved by PLAT and PLG. PTM: Sumoylated with SUMO1. PTM: N-glycosylated. MISCELLANEOUS: A lower molecular weight form (around 43 kDa) is present in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 CUB domain.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9NRA1
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0005161 platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding GO:0005515 protein binding GO:0008083 growth factor activity GO:0042803 protein homodimerization activity
Biological Process: GO:0007171 activation of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity GO:0007275 multicellular organism development GO:0007417 central nervous system development GO:0007596 blood coagulation GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell proliferation GO:0009790 embryo development GO:0009887 animal organ morphogenesis GO:0010469 regulation of receptor activity GO:0014068 positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling GO:0030335 positive regulation of cell migration GO:0031954 positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation GO:0043406 positive regulation of MAP kinase activity GO:0048008 platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway GO:0048146 positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation GO:0048565 digestive tract development GO:0050730 regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0051781 positive regulation of cell division GO:0060348 bone development GO:0070374 positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade GO:0071230 cellular response to amino acid stimulus
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
